Abstract: In order to study the aerodynamic performance of the fairing with non-smooth surface, a three-dimensional geometric model is established based on the SCDM software, and then the computational fluid analysis software Fluent is used to calculate the aerodynamic performance of the fairing with smooth surface and the pit surface respectively. The results show that the pit surface produces smaller resistance coefficient, which can reduce the resistance on the fairing shell. Although the pit surface can reduce the resistance on the structure, it also makes the fairing structure change, so it's necessary to evaluate the mechanical properties of the structure. For the smooth surface and the pit surface, the finite element modeling and analysis of the fairing under the two scenarios of resistance load and particle impact are carried out by using the numerical simulation software ANSYS Workbench. The simulation results show that the fairing with pit surface is subjected to greater equivalent forces and produces greater deformation compared to the fairing with smooth surface. Finally, the effect of wall thickness on the maximum equivalent stress of the fairing is analyzed and the stress increase resulted from reducing the wall thickness is quantitatively studied.