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    LTCC基板回流焊沾锡原因分析及改善

    Cause Analysis and Improvement of Solder Wetting on LTCC Substrates During Reflow Soldering

    • 摘要: 低温共烧陶瓷(low temperature co-fired ceramic, LTCC)技术凭借其高频特性、高集成度和精细布线能力,在电子封装领域具有重要地位。LTCC表面元件的装配质量一直是行业关注的重点,其中非焊接区金层的沾锡问题尤为突出。非焊接区金层的沾锡现象主要由回流过程中的焊料飞溅引起,具体原因包括焊料吸潮、回流曲线不合理以及焊料锡珠性能差。为此,文中通过理论分析和试验验证,深入研究了LTCC回流焊后沾锡的机理及其对装配质量的影响,并提出了相应的改进措施。试验结果表明,焊料在空气中暴露时间越长,吸潮风险越高,进而导致飞溅和沾锡比例增加。文中通过对车间温湿度的严格控制、将生产模式优化为单件流、将生产节拍控制在127 s,使非焊接区金层的沾锡比例从原来的2.00‰显著下降至1.19‰~1.36‰。

       

      Abstract: Low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology plays a significant role in the field of electronic packaging due to its high-frequency properties, high integration capabilities, and fine wiring capacity. The quality of surface component assembly on LTCC has always been a focus of the industry, with particular attention to the solder wetting issue in gold layers of non-soldering areas. Solder wetting phenomenon in gold layers of non-soldering areas is primarily caused by solder splashing during the reflow process, with specific causes including solder moisture absorption, an unreasonable reflow profile, and poor solder sphere performance. Therefore, the mechanism of solder wetting after LTCC reflow soldering and its impact on assembly quality are deeply investigated through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, and corresponding improvement measures are proposed in this paper. Experimental results indicate that the longer the solder is exposed to air, the higher the risk of moisture absorption, leading to an increase in solder splashing and solder wetting ratios. By strictly controlling workshop temperature and humidity, optimizing the production mode to single-piece flow, and controlling the cycle time within 127 seconds, the solder wicking ratio in gold layers of non-soldering areas is successfully reduced from the original 2.00‰ to 1.19‰~1.36‰ in this paper, achieving a significant improvement.

       

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