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    张拉膜天线罩的气动特性及其抗风性能研究

    Research on Aerodynamic Characteristics and Wind Resistance Performance of Tensile Membrane Radome

    • 摘要: 张拉膜天线罩由一层高透波柔性介质薄膜构成,透波区内无支撑骨架遮挡,可以获得极佳的电磁透波性能。然而其罩壁厚度极薄,是一种典型的风敏感结构,结构可靠度低于传统夹层介质天线罩。文中首先通过计算流体动力学数值风洞模拟方法,研究了该型天线罩在不同俯仰角下承受的风力变化,讨论了拱高参数对天线罩气动特性的影响。然后通过非线性有限元分析研究了该型天线罩在风压下的变形和应力,并分析了提高膜面曲率、增大预张力对天线罩刚强度的贡献。最后开展了全尺寸力学试验以验证该型天线罩的承载能力,并进一步进行了密封对照试验,结果显示良好的密封性可使罩内生成自适应压强抵抗外荷载、降低罩体自身的应力水平,提高结构安全裕度和使用寿命。

       

      Abstract: The tensile membrane radome is constructed from a single layer of high-transparency, flexible dielectric film, with no supporting skeleton obstructing the wave-transmission area, enabling excellent electromagnetic wave-transmission performance. However, its extremely thin wall thickness renders it a wind-sensitive structure, with relatively lower structural reliability than conventional sandwich radomes. The wind force variations experienced by the radome under different elevation angles are investigated using computational fluid dynamics numerical wind tunnel simulation methods, and the impact of arch height parameters on the aerodynamic characteristics of the radome is discussed. The deformation and stress of the radome under wind pressure are analyzed through nonlinear finite element analysis, and the contributions of membrane curvature and pre-tension to the stiffness and strength of the radome are examined. Full-scale mechanical tests are conducted to validate the load-bearing capacity of this type of radome, and comparative sealing texts are further implemented. It is demonstrated that good sealing enables the generation of adaptive pressure within the radome to resist external loads, reduce the stress level of the radome structure, and enhance its safety margin and service life.

       

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