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    大吨位货梯轿架轻量化设计

    Lightweight Design of Large-tonnage Elevator Car Frame

    • 摘要: 为提高大吨位电梯轿架的力学性能,实现轿架结构减重的目的,文中通过Ansys Workbench平台建立参数化轿架模型,进行静载、动载力学分析以及模态分析,采用变密度法对轿底底架和拉杆建立拓扑优化模型,并基于拓扑优化结果对原轿底底架和拉杆的结构布局进行重构。然后,以轿架结构的总质量最小为优化目标,以构件标准参数的取值范围和轿架的最大变形值为约束条件,构建轿架构件尺寸优化模型。为提高求解速度,针对钢截面提出一种离散型参数拟合设计方法,并对轿架构件参数进行装配尺寸关联,依据参数拟合提出选型设计,完成优化求解后的参数选型。结果表明:优化后的轿架结构达到了轻量化的设计要求,并且满足安全性需求和各项力学性能指标。

       

      Abstract: In order to improve the mechanical properties of large-tonnage elevator car frame and further reduce the weight of the car frame structure, a parametric car frame model is established by Ansys Workbench. The static load & dynamic load analysis and modal analysis are carried out. The topology optimization model of the bridge bottom frame and pull rod is established with variable-density method. Based on the topology optimization results, the structure layout of the original bridge bottom frame and pull rod is reconstructed. Then, taking the minimum total mass of the car frame structure as the optimization objective and the value range of the standard parameters of the component and the maximum deformation value of the bridge as the constraint conditions, the size optimization model of the bridge frame is constructed. In order to improve the solving speed, a discrete parameter fitting design method is proposed for the steel cross-section, the parameters of the car frame are related to the assembly size and the selection design is proposed according to the parameter fitting. The parameter selection after optimization is completed. The results show that the optimized car frame structure can meet the design requirements of lightweight, safety requirement and the mechanical properties.

       

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