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    一种低成本测量材料杨氏模量的方法

    A Low-cost Method of Measuring Young's Modulus

    • 摘要: 杨氏模量是一种重要的材料参数,对结构的固有频率,刚度等有着直接的影响。材料杨氏模量测量方法一般有拉伸法、共振法等,但这些传统方法通常要用到较为昂贵的设备及传感器。为了减小测量成本,文中将压电陶瓷片作为传感元件,利用悬臂梁结构,通过测量自由振动频率,并利用力学公式反推出杨氏模量。文中分析了误差的来源,利用ANSYS软件进行结构仿真,讨论了附加的压电片对悬臂梁的影响,选取较薄的压电片以减小测量误差。实验验证了这种方法可用于杨氏模量的测量。未来可以研究使用电脑麦克风进行数据采集,代替示波器以进一步减小测量成本。

       

      Abstract: Young's modulus is an important material parameter which has a great influence on natural frequency and stiffness of a structure. There are several methods to measure Young's modulus including tensile test and resonance test, whereas expensive equipment and sensors are needed. In this paper, a low-cost method of measuring Young's modulus is proposed. A cantilever was designed and a piezoelectric plate was used for sensor. Young's modulus was got by measuring the natural frequency of the cantilever and mechanical vibration theory. Sources of error were discussed. ANSYS was used for electromechanical simulation. The influence of the piezoelectric plate to the cantilever was studied and a thin piezoelectric plate was used to reduce error. The experimental result shows that the proposed method can measure the Young's modulus effectively. In future, microphone on the computer can be used for data acquisition instead of oscilloscope to reduce cost.

       

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