Abstract: In order to study the heat dissipation performance and environmental adaptability of heat pipe cooling plate, the heat dissipation performances of copper-water heat pipe cooling plate and copper-acetone heat pipe cooling plate and the environmental adaptability of heat pipe cooling plate at different positions are studied through experiments. The results show that the heat dissipation performance of copper-water heat pipe is better than that of copper-acetone heat pipe under same working conditions. These two heat pipe cooling plates with different refrigerants at three different positions are not damaged in 90 ℃ high temperature experiment. In -55 ℃ low temperature experiment and -55 ℃~ 90 ℃ cycle experiment, the cooling plates with copper-acetone heat pipe at three different positions are not damaged, the cooling plate with copper-water heat pipe in vertical position is bulging. The research has important reference value for choosing heat pipe cooling plate under different working conditions in practical engineering application.